Appendix A — Treaties

APPENDIX A TREATIES § I. ABgOKUTA Treaty of friendship and commerce made at Abeokuta in the Egba country this i8th (eighteenth) day of January in the year 1893. Between His Excellency Gilbert Thomas Carter, Esq., Com- panion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Lagos, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, etc., her heirs and successors on the one part, and the undersigned king (Alake) and Authorities of Abeokuta representing the Egba Kingdom, for and on behalf of their heirs and successors on the other part. We the undersigned King and Authorities do, in the presence of the Elders, Headmen, and people assembled at this place hereby promise:— ist. That there shall be peace and friendship between the subjects of the Queen and Egba subjects, and should any difference or dispute accidentally arise between us and the said subjects of the Queen, it shall be referred to the Governor of Lagos for settlement as may be deemed expedient. 2nd. That there shall be complete freedom of Trade between the Egba country and Lagos, and in view of the injury to Commerce arising from the arbitrary closing of roads, we the said King and Authorities hereby declare that no roads shall in future be closed without the consent and approval of the Governor of Lagos. 3rd. That we the said King and Authorities pledge ourselves to use every means in our power to foster and promote trade with the countries adjoining Egba and with Lagos. 4th. That we the said King and Authorities will, as heretofore, afford complete protection and every assistance and encourage- ment to all ministers of the Christian rehgion. 5th. It is further agreed and stipulated by the said Gilbert Thomas Carter, on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of England, that so long as the provisions of this Treaty are strictly kept, no annexation of any portion of the Egba country shall be made by Her Majesty's Government without the consent of the lawful Authorities of the country, no aggressive action shall be taken 651 against the said country and its independence shall be fully recognised. 6th. The said King and Authorities having promised that the practice of offering human sacrifices shall be abolished in the one township where it at present exists^ and having explained that British subjects have already freedom to occupy land, build houses, and carry on trade and manufacture in any part of the Egba country, and likewise that there is no possibility of a cession of any portion of the Egba country to a Foreign Power without the consent of Her Majesty's Government, it is desired that no special provision be made in regard to these subjects in this Treaty. Done at Abeokuta this eighteenth day of January, 1893. OsoKALU X (his mark) King Alake. OsuNDARE Onlado X\ Representatives of King. SoRUNKE Jaguna X j Alake and Egba United Ogundeyi Magaji X ^ Government. G. T. Carter, Governor and Commander in Chief, Colony Lagos. Witnessed at Abeokuta this i8th day of January, 1893. G. B. Haddon-Smith, Political Officer. R. L, Bower, Captain, Asst. Inspector, Lagos Constabulary. J. B. Wood, Missionary of the Church Missionary Society, A. L. Hethersett, Clerk and Interpreter, Governor's Office. E. R. Bickersteth, Trader. W. F. Tinney Somoye, Clerk to the Egba Authorities. I, the undersigned, do swear that I have truly and honestly interpreted the terms of the foregoing Treaty to the contracting parties in the Yoruba language. A L. Hethersett. Witness to signature: E. R. Bickersteth, Trader. § 2. Oyo. Treaty made at Oyo in the Yoruba country, this 3rd day of February, in the year 1893, between His Excellency Gilbert Thomas Carter, Esq., Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Governor and Commander- in-Chief of Lagos, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, etc.. Her Heirs and Successors on the one part, and the undersigned King AlAfin of Oyo and Head of Yoruba-land, for and on behalf of his Heirs cind Successors, on the other part. I the undersigned AlAfin of Oyo do hereby promise:— 1st. That there shall be peace between the subjects of the Queen of England and Yoruba subjects, and should any difference or dispute accidentally arise between us and the said subjects of the Queen, it shall be referred to the Governor of Lagos for the time being, whose decision shall be final and binding upon us all. 2nd. That British subjects shall have free access to all parts of Yoruba-land, and shall have the right to build houses and possess property according to the laws in force in this country. They shall further have fall liberty to carry on such trade and manufacture as may be approved by the Governor of Lagos. 3rd. That I, the said AlAfin of Oyo, agree to allow a right of way to Lagos to all persons wishing to go there. 4th. That I, the said AlAfin of Oyo, pledge myself to use every means in my power to foster and promote trade with the countries adjoining Yoruba-land and with Lagos. 5th. That I, the said AlAfin of Ovo, will afford complete protec- tion and every assistance and encouragement to all ministers of the Christian religion. 6th. That I, the said AlAfin of Ovy, solemnly promise to pro- hibit the practice of offering human sacrifices, and to prohibit it throughout the country under my control. 7th. That I, the said AlAfin of Oyo, will not enter into any war, or commit any act of aggression, on any of the chiefs bordering on Lagos, by which the trade of the country with Lagos shall be interrupted, or the safety of the persons and property of the subjects of the Queen of England shall be lost, compromised, or endangered. 8th. That I, the said AlAfin of Oyo, will at no time whatever cede any of my territory to any other power, or enter into any agreement, treaty, or arrangement with any foreign Government except through and with the consent of the Government of Her Majesty the Queen of England, etc. 9th. It is hereby agreed that all disputes that may arise between the parties to this Treaty shall be inquired into and adjusted by two arbitrators, the one appointed by the Governor of Lagos, the other by the AlAfin of Oyo, and in any case, when the arbitrators so appointed shall not agree, the matter in dispute shall be referred to the Governor of Lagos, whose decision shall be final. loth. In consideration of the faithful observance of all the fore- going articles of this Treaty, the Governor of Lagos will make from ist January next ensuing unto the King of Oyo a yearly present of one hundred pounds ; but such present may, upon breach of all or any one or more of the provisions of this agreement, and at the discretion of the Governor of Lagos for the time being, be altogether withdrawn or suspended. iith. I likewise pledge myself to obtain the consent and co- operation of all the subordinate kings and authorities of represen- tative towns in Yoruba-land to the provisions of this Treaty. Adeyemi, Aldfin of Oyo and Head of Yoruba-land x (his mark). G. T. Carter, Governor and Commander-in-Chief, Colony of Lagos. Done at Oyq this 3rd day of February, 1893. Signed in the presence of, G. B. Haddon-Smith, Political Officer. I, the undersigned, do swear that I have truly and honestly interpreted the terms of the foregoing agreement to the contracting party in the Yoruba language. A. L, Hethersett. Witness to signature, G. B. Haddon-Smith, Political Officer. § 3. Ibadan Agreement made at Ibadan this 15th day of August, 1893, between His Excellency George Chardin Denton, Esq., Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Acting-Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Lagos, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors of the one part, and the undersigned Bale and Authorities of Ibadan, for and on behalf of their heirs arid of the people of Ibadan of the other part. We, the undersigned Bale and Authorities of Ibadan on behalf of ourselves and of the people of Ibadan, do hereby agree and declare as follows :— 1. That the general administration of the internal affairs of the following Yoruba towns, viz.: Iwo, Ede, Osogbo, Ikirun, Ogbomoso, Ejigbo and Iseyin and in all countries in the so-called Ekun Otun, Ekun Osi, is vested in the general government of Ibadan and the local authorities of the said towns act in harmony with and are subject to Ibadan notwithstanding that the Alafin is recognised as the King and Head of Yoruba-land. 2. That we fully recognise all the provisions of the Treaty dated the 3rd February, 1893, made at Oyo between His Excellency Sir Gilbert Thomas Carter, Knight Commander of the Most Distin- guished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, then Com- panion of the Most Distiguished Order, on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Alafin of Oyo as Head of Yoruba-land. 3. That we fully agree to carry out within the territory of Ibadan all the provisions of the said Treaty. 4. That we further agree in ampUfication of the said Treaty on our own behalf to the following terms and conditions :— First. That we will use every effort to secure the free passage of all persons coming through Ibadan either from the interior to Lagos, or from Lagos to the interior, and we promise to afford protection to persons and property so passing. Second. That for the purpose of better securing the performance of the said Treaty of the 3rd February, 1893, and of this agreement, we do hereby agree to receive at Ibadan such European officers and such a force of the Lagos constabulary as the Governor shall from time to time deem necessary for the said purpose and for securing to us the benefits of the said Treaty and Agreement; and we also agree to provide land for the occupation of such officers and force. Third. We further agree, upon the request of the Government of Lagos, to provide land for the construction and main- tenance of a railway through our territory, should the con- struction of such a railway be determined upon, and to accept for such land such compensation, if any, as shall be agreed upon between the parties hereto or between the authorities of Ibadan and the persons undertaking the construction of such railway. 5. And we do finally agree that all disputes which may arise under or in reference to this Agreement shall be enquired into and adjusted by two arbitrators, the one to be appointed by the Governor of Lagos for the time being, the other by the Bale and authorities of Ibadan, and in any case where the arbitrators so appointed shall not agree the matter in dispute shall be referred to the Governor of Lagos whose decision shall be final. Done at Ibadan this fifteenth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and ninety three. George Chardin Denton, C.M.G., Acting Governor. FijABi, the Bale X OsuNTOKi, the Otun Bale X Fajinmi, the Osi Bale X Akintola, the Balogun, by his representative, Oyeniyi x Babalola, the Otun Balogun x KoNGi, the Osi Balogun x Sumonu Apampa, the Asipa x Ogundipo, the Seriki X (their marks) Signed in the presence of: G.B. Haddon-Smith, Acting Inspector General, Lagos Constabulary. W. R. Henderson, Acting Travelling Commissioner. D. W. Stewart, Capt., Asst. Inspector, Lagos Constabulary. We, the undersigned, do swear that we have truly and honestly interpreted the terms of the foregoing Agreement to the contracting parties in the Yoruba language, John A. Williams, Clerk to Travelling Commissioner. C. J. P. Boyle, Clerk and Interpreter. Participators in and witnesses to the Agreement: Lanlatu, the tyalode x MoSADERiN, the Ekerin x Ogungbesan the Ekarun x Obisesan the Agbakin x Tanipeyi the Maye X Akintunde, the ^kefa x Salako, the Are Alasa x Bamgbegbin, the Areagoro x Enimowu, the Abese x Olaifa , the Asaju x Omqsanya, the Qtun Seriki x Aina Fagbemi, the Osi Seriki x EWEJE, the Sarumi, by his representative Alawo x Dad A Ojo, the Ekerin Seriki x (their marks). Signed in our presence, John A, Williams, Clerk to Travelling Commissioner. C. J. P. Boyle, Clerk and Interpreter. § 4. Egba (Boundaries) Agreement entered into at Abeokuta between His Excellency Sir Gilbert Thomas Carter, Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Lagos, and the King and Authorities of the Egba nation. Whereas it is expedient to define the boundaries between the Egba country and the territories bordering on, or under the British Protectorate of Lagos, we, the undersigned Governor of Lagos and the King and Authorities of the Egba Nation residing at Abeokuta, agree as follows, viz. : I. The Hne of demarcation between the two countries shall commence on the eastward at the town of Ori§i on the left bank of the River Ogun, which shall be considered as falling within the Lagos sphere of influence ; the boundary hne shall then cross the river at right-angles, and take the most direct established road to the town of 6ta, which as at present shall be considered as under Egba jurisdiction. From Ota the boundary hne shall follow the main road leading through Ilogbo, Ilogboro and Epoto to Ilaro. 2. All towns which may be actually on the said main road leading from Ota to the protected town of Ilaro shall be considered to be outside the sphere of Egba influence, but any Egbas who may have farms on the southern or lagoon side of the said road may continue in their occupation without molestation from the Lagos government, and similarly all Lagos subjects who may have farms on the north of the said boundary shall be accorded the same privilege by the Egba Authorities. With this proviso all towns to the north of the said road shall be considered as belonging to Egba territory, and all towns to the south shaU be liable to be included in the British protectorate of Lagos. 3. The boundaries between the Ilaro kingdom and Egba must be determined by the position of the towns and farms held under the king of Ilaro, which kingdom was formerly tributary to Egba, but all Egbas who may have farms in the territory now known as the Ilaro kingdom may continue to work them as heretofore, any complaints upon either side being made to the TravelHng Commissioner for the District, through the officer in charge of Ilaro. 4. It is understood that this Agreement is subject to the strict fulfilment of the provisions of the Treaty signed at Abeokuta on the i8th January, 1893, and may be subject to modification in the event of the position of any towns enumerated being wrongly placed in the Intelhgence Map of 1888 by the aid of which this Agreement has been drawn up. Signed at Abeokuta this fifth day of January, 1894. G. T. Carter, Governor of Lagos. OsnoKALU, Alake of Abeokuta x (hi*-mark) OsuNDARE, Onlado X SoRiNKE, Jaguna X Ogundeyi, Magaji X (their marks) Witnesses to Agreement: Alex. F. Tarbet, Capt., Private Secretary. E. R. BicKERSTETH, Trader. Wm. R. Tinney Somoye, Sec. to the ^gba Government. We, the undersigned, declare that we have truly and honestly, interpreted the terms of this Agreement to the contracting parties in the Yoruba language. C. J. P. Boyle, Governor's Clerk and Interpreter. E. R. BicKERSTETH, Trader. Witness to the signature : Wm. R. Tinney Somoye, Sec. to the Egba Government. § 5. Abeokuta (Railway) Agreement made this 21st day of February, 1899, between His Excellency George Chardin Denton, Esq., Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Acting-Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Lagos, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, of the one part, and the Alake and Authorities of the Egba nation for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors, and the Egba nation of the other part. Whereas the Alake and Authorities of the Egba nation, for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors and the Egba nation, have granted (as they hereby acknowledge) to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland Einpress of India, her heirs and successors, the right to construct, estabUsh and maintain a railway with the proper works and conveniences for the conveyance of passengers, animals and goods through and on the Egba territories. And whereas it is deemed expedient to make provision for the protection of the said railway works and conveniences and for the purposes hereinafter appearing. Now therefore the Alake and Authorities of the Egba nation, for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors and the Egba nation, hereby grant to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, for a period of ninety-nine years from the date hereof the following rights :— 1. To enter upon and occupy land to a distance of 100 yards on both sides of the railway. 2. To exercise upon such land all the powers for making, main- taining, altering, repairing and using the railway conferred upon the Government of Lagos by the law for the time being of the Colony of Lagos relating to railways. 3. To apprehend in any part of the Egba territories and to try and, if found guilty, to punish any person, whether a British subject or not, accused or suspected of having committed upon the land aforesaid any offence of whatsoever nature against the Law for the time being of the Colony of Lagos relating to railways, or against any regulation or bye-law made in accordance with such law. To apprehend in any part of the Egba territories and to try and, if found guilty, to punish : (a) Any British subject and any officer or servant, whether British subject or not, employed by the Government of Lagos on or in connection with the railway, accused, or suspected of having committed upon the land aforesaid any offence of what- soever nature against the person or property of any British subject or other person ; and (6) Any person other than a British subject accused or suspected of having committed upon the land aforesaid any offence of what- soever nature against the person or property of any British subject or any ofiicer or servant aforesaid. And the Alake and Authorities of the Egba nation for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors and the Egba nation, hereby undertake— To apprehend and to deliver up to the Government of Lagos, and to aid and assist in apprehending, any of the persons above specified accused or suspected of having committed any offence as aforesaid. And His Excellency the said George Chardin Denton, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, in consideration of the rights hereinbefore granted, and the undertaking hereinbefore given, hereby promise— To pay to the Alake and Authorities of the Egba nation, their heirs and successors during the continuance of this Agreement, the annual sum of two hundred pounds by four quarterly payments, payable on the 25th»day of March, the 24th day of June, the 29th day of September, and the 25th day of December in every year, the first of such payments to be made on the 25th March, 1899. Arid it is hereby agreed that if, owing to unforeseen circum- stances, it shall be considered by Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, that the provisions of this Agreement or any of them, require alteration, amendment or revocation. Her Majesty, her heirs and successors shall be entitled by giving three months' previous notice in writing to the Alake and Authorities of the Egba nation, their heirs and successors, to determine the Agreement at any itme, and negotiations shall thereupon be entered into for the purpose of making a new Agreement in lieu thereof. In witness whereof the said parties have set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. (Signed) George C. Denton, (L.S.), Acting Governor, Gbadebo, a lake X Adepagba, Olowu X Olubumi, Agura X SuLE, Mohammedan Chief X Ali Delokun, Balogun x Ali Ijeun, Seriki x Idowu, Apena tporo x C SoRUNTUN, Head Parakoyi x (their mark). Signed and sealed at Abeokuta by the said Alake and Authorities of the Sgba nation in the presence of: (Sgd.) Frank Rohrweger. George Anderson. D. O. Williams. I do hereby certify that I have truly and honestly interpreted and explained in the Yoruba language the terms of the foregoing Agreement to the Alake and authorities of the Egba nation. (Signed) Wm. Alfred Allen. Signed by the said W. A. Allen in the presence of Ladapo Ademola. § 6. Ibadan (Railway) This Indenture, made the 14th day of December, 1900, between His Excellency Sir George Chardin Denton, Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Lieutenant-Governor of the Colony of Lagos, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors of the one part, and theBasorun and Authorities of Ibadan for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors, and the people of Ibadan of the other part. Whereas by an Agreement made at Ibadan on the 15th day of August, 1893, between His Excellency George Chardin Denton, Esq., Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Acting-Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Lagos, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, of the one part, and the Bale and Authorities of Ibadan for and on behalf of themselves and the people of Ibadan on the other part, the said Bale and Authorities agreed among other things to provide land for the construction and maintenance of a railway through Ibadan territory. And whereas the said railway is in course of construction through the said territory, and it is deemed expedient to make provision for the protection of the said railway works and conveniences and for the purposes herein- after mentioned. And whereas the Basorun and Authorities of Ibadan for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors and the people of Ibadan, have agreed to grant, subject to the conditions herein- after mentioned, to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, for a period of ninety-nine years, certain lands hereinafter described. Now this INDENTURE WITNESSETH that, in consideration of the above premises, they, the said Basorun and Authorities of Ibadan do hereby grant to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britciin and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, all the land to a distance of lOO yards on both sides .of the said railway and have also agreed to grant for a like period to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, all that piece of land near the Iddo Gate at Ibadan which, as to its position, dimensions, and boundaries, is particularly shown in the plan hereto attached, marked A, and coloured red thereon, and have also agreed to grant for a like period to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, all that piece of land on the right bank of the River Ogun at Olokemeji which, as to its position, dimensions, and boimdaries, is particularly shown in the plan hereto attached, marked B, and thereon coloured red. To the use of the said Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland Empress of India, her heirs and successors, for a period of ninety- nine years from the date hereof, and the said Basorun and Authori- ties of Ibadan do hereby agree that the said Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, shall have and exercise the following rights :— (i) To enter upon and occupy and use the said land in any manner and for any purpose that may seem desirable to the said Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors. (2) To exercise upon such lands all the power for making, main- taining, altering, repairing, and using the railway conferred on the Government of Lagos by the law for the time being of the Colony of Lagos relating to Railways. (3) To apprehend in any part of the Ibadan territories and to try and, if found guilty, to punish any person whether a British subject or not, accused or suspected of having committed upon the land aforesaid any offence of whatsoever nature against the law for the time being of the Colony of Lagos relating to railways, or against any regulation or bye-law made in accordance with such law. (4) To apprehend in any part of the Ibadan territories, and to try, and, if found guilty, to punish— (a) Any British subject and any officer or servant, whether British subject or not, employed by the Government of Lagos, accused or suspected of having committed upon the land afore- said any offence of whatsoever nature against the law for the time being of the Colony of Lagos ; and (b) Any person other than a British subject accused or suspected of having committed upon the land aforesaid any offence of whatsoever nature against the person or property of any British subject, or subject of a civiUsed power, or any officer or servant aforesaid. And the Basorun and Authorities of Ibadan, for and on behalf of themselves, their heirs and successors and the Ibadan people hereby undertake— To apprehend and to deUver up to the Government of Lagos, and to aid and assist in apprehending any of the persons above specified accused or suspected of having committed ahy offence as aforesaid. And His Excellency the said George Chardin Denton, for and on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, in consideration of the rights hereinbefore granted and the undertaking hereinbefore given, hereby promise— To pay to the Basorun and Authorities of Ibadan, their heirs and successors, during the continuance of this Agreement, the annual sum of twenty pounds by four quarterly payments, payable on the 25th day of March, the 24th day of June, the 29th day of September, and the 25th day of December in every year, the first of such payments to be made on the 25th day of December, 1900. And it is hereby agreed that if owing to unforeseen circum- stances, it shall be considered by Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, her heirs and successors, that the provisions of this Agreement or any of them require alteration, amendment, or revocation, Her Majesty, her heirs and successors shall be entitled, by giving three months' previous notice in writing to the Basorun and Authorities of Ibadan, their heirs and successors, to determine the Agreement at any time, and negotiations shall thereupon be entered into for the purpose of making a new Agreement in lieu thereof. APPENDIX A 663 In witness whereof the said parties have hereunto set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. (Signed) George C. Denton (L.S.), Lieut.-Governor. Fajinma, Basgrun of Ibadan X Ogundbesan, Osi Ba§orun X Dada, Ekerin Basorun X Olaifa, Maye Basorun X Sumonu, Otun Balogun X Bamgbegbin, Osi Balogun X Shitu, Asipa X Suberu, Ekerin Balogun X (their marks). Signed in the presence of (Signed) F. C. Fuller, President, Ibadan. C. E. Johnstone, Private Secretary. I, the undersigned, do swear that I have truly and honestly interpreted the terms of the foregoing Agreement to the contracting parties in the Yoruba language. (Signed) Henry Libert, Clerk and Interpreter. C. A. Sodipe, Clerk and Interpreter, Witness to signature. § 7. IjESA Enactment for the Abolition of Human Sacrifices in the IjESA Countries Whereas the practice of immolating human beings is cruel, barbarous, futile and unjust in the eyes of all civihsed nations and right-minded persons ; and whereas the said practice has fallen into disuse amongst the Ijesas, and the present time appears opportune for its total abolition in the Ijesa country ; and whereas the Ijesas are under a deep and lasting obhgation to His Excellency the Governor of Lagos for having established peace between them and their late enemies, the Ibadans, and for having thereby secured the independence of the Ijesa country ; and whereas His Excellency the Governor of Lagos desires no other proof of gratitude of the Ijesas for what he has done for them than that they should aboHsh the abominable practice ; and whereas the Ijesas have resolved to abohsh the said practice accordingly: Now, therefore, we the undersigned, as representing the Ijesa nation, do hereby enact, ordain, and declare as follows, viz. :— I. The practice of immolating human beings, whether at the festival of any deity or before, at, or after the funeral of any king or subject, or on any other pubUc or private occasion, shall be and hereby is aboHshed for ever. 664 THE HISTORY OF THE YORUBAS 2. It shall be and is hereby constituted a criminal offence for any one in the kingdom of Ijesa or for any subject of the Ijesa king to perform or participate in, or to aid and abet others in performing or participating in any human sacrifice. 3. Every such criminal offence shall be punished by the infliction of a heavy fine, imprisonment, or forced labour. 4. No person condemned to death for a crime punishable with death under the laws of the Ijesa country shall be utiHsed for the purpose of sacrifice. Given under our hands and seals this 29th day of September, 1886. Agunloye, Owa of llesa x Ogedemgbe, Seriki of Ijesa X (theirmarks). Signed and sealed in our presence after the contents had been read and interpreted to the signatories by the Rev. Charles Phillips. H. HiGGINS 1 cj. • 7 ^ Oliver Smith S Speaal Comtmsstoners. § 8. Ekiti Enactment for the Abolition of Human Sacrifices in the Ekiti Countries Whereas the practice of immolating human beings is cruel, barbarous, futile and unjust in the e57es of all civilised nations and right-minded persons, and whereas the said practice has fallen into disuse in the Ekiti coimtries, and the present time appears opportune for its total aboUtion in those countries ; and whereas the Ekitis are under a deep and lasting obligation to His Excellency the Governor of Lagos for having estabUshed peace between them and their late enemies the Ibadans, and for having thereby secured the independence of the said Ekiti countries ; and whereas His Excellency the Governor of Lagos desires no other proof of the gratitude of the Ekitis for what he has done for them than that they should abohsh the said abominable practice ; and whereas the Ekitis have resolved to abohsh the said practice accordingly: Now therefore we, the undersigned, representing all the Eldti kings and countries, and being duly authorised to speak in their name, and on their behalf, do hereby enact, ordain, and declare as follows, viz.:— 1. The practice of immolating human beings, whether at the festival of any deity, or before, at, or after the funeral of any king or subject or on any other public or private occasion, shall be and hereby is abohshed for ever. 2. It shall be and hereby is constituted a criminal offence for J- special Commissioners. anyone in any Ekiti country, or for any subject of any Ekiti king to perform or participate in or to aid or abet others in performing or participating in any human sacrifice. 3. Every such criminal offence shall be punished by the infliction of a heavy fine, imprisonment, or forced labour. 4. No person condemned to death for a crime shall be utiUsed for the purpose of human sacrifice. Given under our hands and seals this 29th day of September, 1886. Okinbaloye, Owore of Qtun x Oyiyosoje, Ajero of Ijero X Odundun, Olojudo of Ido X (their marks). I guarantee the enactment of the above-written promise. Ogedemgbe, Seriki of Ijesa x (his mark). Signed and sealed in our presence after the contents had been read and interpreted to the signatories by the Rev. Charles Phillips. H. HiGGINS Oliver Smith §9. Ife Abolition of the Custom of Human Sacrifice by the Council OF Ife Whereas the practice of immolating human beings is cruel, barbarous, futile and unjust ; and whereas His Excellency the Governor of Lagos, to whom the Ife nation is greatly indebted for having magnanimously mediated between them and their enemies, will be pleased to hear that the Ife nation has abohshed the said detestable practice ; and whereas the Council of Ife has already undertaken through its representatives at Kiriji to aboUsh the said abominable practice : Now therefore we, the undersigned members of the Council of Ife, hereby declare and promise that the practice of immolating human beings is and henceforth for ever shall remain abolished in the Ife country. In witness whereof we have hereunto affixed our hands and seals on the date hereunder written opposite our names. AwoTUNDE, Olalufe of Ife x Nov. 2nd, 1886. Oramuiyon, Ohaji of Ife x Awonrile, Orisamile of Ife X „ „ Tojo, Asoje of Ife x „ „ (their marks). Signed and sealed in our presence, after the contents had been read and interpreted to the signatories by the Rev. Chas. Phillips. H. HiGGINS \ o^ ■ 1 n Oliver Smith I ^^^"«^ Commissioners. §10. France Arrangement concerning the delimitation of the English and French possessions on the West Coast of Africa. Signed at Paris, August loth, 1889. (Annex B.) The undersigned, selected by the Government of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and by the Government of the French Republic for the purpose of preparing a general understanding with a view to settle all the questions at issue, between England and France, with regard to their respective possessions on the West Coast of Africa, have agreed on the following provisions:— Article IV Sect. I. On the slave coast the line of demarcation between the spheres of influence of the two powers shall be identical with the meridian which intersects the territory of Porto Novo at the Ajara Creek, leaving Ipokia to the Enghsh Colony of Lagos. It shall follow the above-mentioned meridian as far as the ninth degree of north latitude, where it shall stop. To the south it shall terminate on the seashore after having passed through the territory of Appah, the capital of which shall continue to belong to England. The navigation of the Ajara and of the River Ado shall be free and open to the inhabitants and boats of both protectorates. Sect. 2. French traders shall be guaranteed full liberty of trade with such districts as shall not be included in the French sphere of influence, and especially as regards the Egbas. English traders shall likewise be guaranteed full liberty of trade with such districts as shall not be included in the English sphere of influence. Sect. 3. Guarantees shall also be given in favour of the in- habitants of Ketonu and of the French portion of the territory of Appah. These inhabitants shall be free to leave the country should they so desire, and those who remain shall be protected by the French authorities against any act of aggression on their person, their position, or their property, on the part of the king of Porto Novo or of his people. Similar guarantees shall be given in favour of the inhabitants of the territory of Ipokia. Sect. 4. It is furthermore agreed that (i) the English Government shall have full liberty of political action to the east of the frontier line ; and that (ii) the French Government shall have full liberty of political action to the west of the frontier line. Sect. 5. In consequence of the understanding defined as above, and with a view to obviate any conflict to which the daily relations of the inhabitants of the Porto Novo country with those of Ipokia might give rise if a Custom-house were to be established by one or other of the contracting parties on the Ajara Creek, the English and French Delegates agree in recommending to their respective Governments the neutralization, from a Customs point of view, of that portion of the territory of Ipokia, which is comprised between the Ajara Creek and the Ado until such time as a definitive Customs Agreement can be arrived at between the French establishments of Porto Novo and the Colony of Lagos Article V The two Governments reserve to themselves the right of nomin- ating Special Commissioners of Delimitation to trace upon the spot, wherever they may consider it necessary, the line of demarc- ation between the English and French possessions in conformity with the general provisions which are set forth above. In witness thereof the undersigned delegates have drawn up and signed the present Agreement, subject to the approval of their respective Governments. Done at Paris in duphcate the loth day of August, 1889. (Signed) Edwin H. Egerton. Augustus W. L. Hemming. A. NiSARD. Jean Bayol. § II. Porto Novo Sect. I. " The meridian which intersects the territory of Porto Novo at the Ajara Creek " shall be taken to mean— 1. (To the north of the Porto Novo lagoon) the middle of the stream of the Ajara River to the point where the said riverceases to separate the kingdom of Porto Novo from that of Ipokia and from thence the meridian thereof as far as the ninth parallel of north latitude. 2. (To the south of the Porto Novo lagoon) the meridian of the middle of the Ajara River, where it flows into the Porto Novo lagoon. 3. The frontier Une has been based in this Convention upon the Sketch Survey of the Inland Water Communication in the Colony of Lagos by Harbour Master Speeding, 1886. § 12. Proclamation of 13TH August, 1891 By His Excellency George Chardin Denton, Esq., C.M.G., Acting Governor of Lagos, etc., etc. George C. Denton, (L.S.), Acting Governor. Whereas Her Majesty has been advised that it is for the best interests of the people of the Colony and protectorate of Lagos, and also of the people of the kingdom of Ilaro that the said kingdom should be transferred to the Government of Her Majesty and that Her Majesty should assume the Protectorate thereof: And whereas the King, Chiefs, Elders, and people of the kingdom of Ilaro have expressed their desire that the said kingdom should be so transferred and that Her Majesty should assume the Protec- torate thereof: And whereas it is Her Majesty's pleasure that the kingdom of Ilaro be attached to the Colony of Lagos and form part of the protectorate thereof: Now therefore I, George Chardin Denton, Esquire, Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Acting Governor of the Colony of Lagos, do publish, make known and proclaim as follows:— 1. The kingdom of Ilaro is now under the Sovereignty and protection of Her Majesty. 2. The kingdom of Ilaro is attached to the Colony of Lagos and forms part of the Protectorate thereof. Given under my hand and the Great Seal of the Colony of Lagos this thirteenth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety one. A. F. Tarbet, Acting Asst. Colonial Secretary.